The effect of acetazolamide (Diamox) therapy was evaluated in 15 children with abnormal head enlargement due to chronic hydrocephalus
Mechanisms of action are relatively less well-studied than clinical applications
PVH volume, reflecting transependymal CSF, is shown to be a potential MRI indicator of pharmacologic intervention effectiveness
Acetazolamide is also used in both children and adults to treat hydrocephalus and pseudotumor cerebri [ 6 , 7 ]
The typical dose ranges from 250 to 4000mg/d and is administered in two to four divided doses; its half-life is 6- 8 hours, and it is eliminated in the urine
Acetazolamide may be beneficial as short-term (<3 months/course) adjunctive therapy in those with
Common side effects of acetazolamide may include: nausea, vomiting, loss of appetite, diarrhea; numbness or tingling, especially in your arms and legs; drowsiness, confusion; hearing problems, ringing in your ears; increased urination; or
Mechanism of action
Aside from affecting CSF production, acetazolamide is a vasodilator that can transiently increase cerebral blood flow
Corticosteroid action on choroid plexus: reduction in Na+ –K+ –ATPase activity, choline transport capacity, and rate of CSF formation
, some types of glaucoma), in the treatment of certain convulsive disorders (e
Comments: Therapy should be initiated 24 to 48 hours before ascent and continued for 48 hours while at high altitude, or longer as necessary to control symptoms
In preterm infants with isolated post‐IVH hydrocephalus, a single dose of Tschirgi was the first to demonstrate that acetazolamide reduced CSF production; the first series of patients with hydrocephalus treated with acetazolamide was published by her in 1957
Children—Use and dose must be determined by your doctor
Several months later acetazolamide 375 mg/day was prescribed again and 2 weeks later he developed
Preventing infection