The mechanism is thought to be through
Theophylline should be avoided in the bradycardia-tachycardia manifestations of sick sinus syndrome or when ventricular ectopy is frequent
There have been a number of reports substantiating a positive chronotropic effect of theophylline
Theophylline is an adenosine antagonist that has been identified as a treatment option for bradyarrhythmic events
Some proposed mechanisms include direct COVID-19 involvement to the heart’s conduction system, COVID-19 myocarditis, and the cardiac toxicity associated
This provides epinephrine with a broader spectrum of efficacy for various mechanisms of bradycardia
Atropine is primarily used as a preanesthetic to prevent bradycardia and reduce airway secretions, and as Methylxanthines are drugs primarily employed in the treatment of non-obstructive lung pathology
Through this mechanism, theophylline also reverses corticosteroid resistance, and this may be of particular value in severe asthma and COPD, wherein histone deacetylase-2 activity is reduced
Introduction: Post-operative sinus node dysfunction can occur in patients following orthotopic heart transplantation (OHT), requiring temporary or permanent pacing
In 2 recent small observational studies, oral theophylline appeared to be effective over a mean follow-up period of 16 and 17 months in patients with an established diagnosis of idiopathic paroxysmal AV block and may be considered an alternative to permanent pacing in such patients
Recently, theophylline was found to have several immunomodulatory and anti
Mechanism of Action
, heart rate of fewer than 40 beats per Theophylline is a nonspecific phosphodiesterase inhibitor used to treat COPD, and the mechanism of action is not entirely understood
The literature concerning the use of theophylline in this The patient had two further episodes of symptomatic bradycardia and was resuscitated successfully
Both of the patients presented with dizziness and presyncope related to sinus bradycardia in which they received treatment with 1 mg of IV atropine and theophylline 200 mg orally
J Heart Lung Transplant 1993;12 Theophylline and aminophylline are methylxanthine derivatives with two distinct mechanisms of action including inhibition of phosphodiesterase III and adenosine receptor antagonism
Much of the morbidity and mortality related to OSA can be attributed to an increased heophylline is commonly used in the treatment of bronchial obstruction
1,2 During long-term therapy, oral theophylline suppressed symptoms in young patients with paroxysmal bradyarrhythmias 3; moreover, it diminished the frequency and severity of bradycardia